General Impressions Yesterday, we visited the ancient city of Petra . Petra was founded by the Nabataean Kingdom in the 1st century BCE and remained inhabited until 106 CE ( Taylor, 2001 ). This ancient city prospered through the spice trade and is now considered one of the world's most mysterious places ( Bowersock, 1983 ). Petra was significantly affected by two major earthquakes in 363 CE and 749 CE , and the traces of these earthquakes can still be seen in the cracks of architectural structures ( Ambraseys & Barazangi, 1989 ). Today, we arrived in Bilad al-Sham . In Arabic, Bilad al-Sham means "the land of Sham" and historically refers to the regions of Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Palestine, and Israel ( Hitti & Khairallah, 1962 ). Notes Petra: Represents a civilization founded by the Nabataean Kingdom . The city was built with careful planning but was later abandoned. It was rediscovered in 1812 by the Swiss traveler Johann Ludwig Burckhardt ( Burc...